反馈、失衡与系统纠偏：系统纠偏能力的五阶段模型与制度设计

中文摘要

System Logic 第一至第三篇文章分别建立了系统适切性框架[1]、边界与时间理论[2]、局部优化与系统失败的分析模型[3]。本文继续推进系统逻辑的动态维度，专门研究系统如何通过反馈识别失衡、完成纠偏并形成新的动态平衡。本文的核心问题是：当一个系统出现偏离或失衡时，它通过什么机制感知问题、传递信号、形成判断、组织调节，并最终恢复或升级其可生存性？

Abstract

The first three papers in the System Logic series established the framework of systemic adequacy [1], the theory of boundary and time [2], and the analytical model of local optimization and systemic failure [3]. This paper advances the dynamic dimension of System Logic by investigating how systems identify disequilibrium through feedback, complete correction, and form new dynamic equilibria. The central question is: when a system experiences deviation or disequilibrium, through what mechanisms does it perceive problems, transmit signals, form judgments, organize adjustment, and ultimately restore or upgrade its viability?

关键词：：系统纠偏；反馈；失衡；动态平衡；系统适切性；负反馈；正反馈；纠偏能力；制度反馈；适应性治理

Keywords: systemic correction; feedback; disequilibrium; dynamic equilibrium; systemic adequacy; negative feedback; positive feedback; correction capacity; institutional feedback; adaptive governance